Dr Claire Fox
Reader in Educational Psychology; Head of Research Ethics and Governance for the Faculty of Health and Education
My profile
Biography
I graduated with a BSc (Hons) degree in Human Psychology from Aston University in 1996 and a PhD from Keele University in 2002. I re-joined the School of Psychology at Keele University in September 2004 as a Teaching Fellow and Learning Support Tutor, became a lecturer in September 2005, a Senior Lecturer in 2011, and a Professor in 2018. My PhD, supervised by Prof Mike Boulton, focused on identifying the social skills problems that put children at risk of being bullied. Also, I developed and ran a Social Skills Training Programme for children bullied by their peers, and evaluated the effectiveness of this intervention. Following my PhD I worked as a Research Associate in the School of Social Relations on a project to evaluate the work of the NSPCC Schools Teams (2001-2003), and for one year I was a member of the research team based at the University of Birmingham responsible for the National Evaluation of the Children’s Fund.
I joined MMU as a Reader in Educational Psychology in 2019 to teach on the new BSc in Educational Psychology, which received accreditation from the BPS in 2020. I am an applied Social/Developmental Psychologist with an established national and international reputation in the fields of school bullying, teenage relationship abuse, and children’s humour. I am active member of the Education and Social Research Institute with responsibilities for research ethics and research mentoring. In 2022 I became Head of Research Ethics and Governance for the Faculty of Health and Education.
Expert reviewer for external funding bodies
- Member of ESRC Peer Review College.
- Advisor for NIHR Panels.
Visiting and honorary positions
- Academic Member of the West Midlands Violence Reduction Unit Research and Evaluation Board.
Editorial Board membership
- Editorial Board for Aggressive Behaviour and I review for numerous journals including: Social Development; Journal of Adolescence; British Journal of Developmental Psychology; British Journal of Educational Psychology; Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry; Developmental Psychology; Child Development; Personality and Individual Differences.
Membership of professional associations
- Chartered Psychologist and Associate Fellow of the BPS. Current Chair of the Psychology of Education Section (BPS).
- Senior Fellow of the HEA.
Projects
I am committed to conducting applied social psychological research, which has both theoretical and practical implications. In particular, I am interested in the problem of bullying in schools and domestic abuse. Supported by two research grants in 2009 (from the BPS and British Academy) I developed a humour styles questionnaire for children and young people and in 2012 completed a longitudinal study funded by the ESRC to examine the links between children’s humour styles and the problem of bullying in schools, in collaboration with Dr Simon Hunter at the University of Strathclyde and Dr Sian Jones at Queen Margaret University. Another collaboration with Prof David Gadd and Professor Ian Butler resulted in a major ESRC award of £385,000 over three years to examine the question of how to prevent more boys from becoming perpetrators of domestic violence in later life (2010-2013). For further details see www.boystomenproject.com. At the same time we led a European wide project supported by a substantial grant under the Daphne III call. The total sum was for 309,000 euros over 2 years 2011-2013. The READAPT project (Relationship Education and Domestic Abuse Prevention Tuition) involved us working with 6 partners across Europe in the UK, Spain, Malta, France, Sweden and Belgium. The research findings from these two projects are presented in our book ‘Young Men and Domestic Abuse’ published by Routledge in 2015.
I recently completed an evaluation of a Mentors in Violence Prevention Programme with the West Midlands Violence Reduction Unit. I am currently working with The Proud Trust on a 1+3 ESRC White Rose PhD studentship entitled, ‘Bullying of LGBT+ pupils: School contextual risk and protective factors’.
Teaching
I teach on the BSc Educational Psychology programme; I supervise final year Empirical Projects and have a final year Special Option Unit called School Bullying.
Postgraduate teaching
I have supervised 15 MSc Psychology dissertations from 2011-2019 on a range of topics:
Does the gender of the bully-victim pairing and the type of bullying portrayed influence children’s attitudes to a bullying incident?
Young children’s use of humour.
Undergraduates’ experiences of bullying in Higher Education.
Parents’ experiences of supporting their child’s learning at home.
Young adults’ experiences of living with dyslexia.
Children’s attitudes towards physical disability.
Perceptions of self-harm: The role of labelling and group norms.
The leisure experiences and friendships of disabled children and young people in Cheshire.
“Too little too late” Comparing the effectiveness of an emotion-centred intervention across two time points in the year 6 transfer year.
The development of an ‘Attitudes towards Emotional Abuse’ scale.
How are children’s perceptions of Autism Spectrum Disorder affected by labelling and gender?
Child and parent perceptions of healthiness and body image.
Evaluating the effectiveness of a programme to raise awareness and understanding of healthy relationships in primary schools.
Teachers’ attitudes towards and experiences of addressing mental health issues in schools.
The power of bullying language in the form of labels: can bullying labels affect an audience’s perception?
Supervision
- Cathryn Young (2012). The impact of sleep problems on the parents of children with ASD. Clinical Psychology Doctoral thesis (2nd supervisor).
- Becky Hale (2007-2013). The role of the parents in school bullying: Parent and child perspectives.
- Lucy James (2013-2016). Humour styles and psychosocial adjustment in junior school pupils.
- Nicola Ralph (2014-2018). Experiences of bullying in children with and without SEND.
- Emma Harrison (2016-2019). Students’ experiences of bullying in higher education.
- Charlotte Bagnall (2017-2020). How can we improve children’s emotional well-being over the transfer period?
- Megan Hermolle (2018-2019). Understanding rape myths in the United Kingdom (2nd supervisor).
- Eleanor Grace (2020-). Bullying of LGBT+ pupils: School contextual risk and protective factors.
- Jedde de Vries (2021-). Developing a conceptual model and measure of physical playfulness in adolescents.
Research outputs
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Books (authored/edited/special issues)
Gadd, D., Fox, C.L., Corr, M.L., Alger, S., Butler, I. (2015) Young Men and Domestic Abuse. Routledge.
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Chapters in books
Fox, C.L., Harrison, E.D. (2021) 'Individual coping strategies and ways of supporting victims.' The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Bullying: A Comprehensive and International Review of Research and Intervention. pp. 223-239.
Jones, S.E., James, L., Fox, C., Blunn, L. (2021) 'Laughing together: The relationships between humor and friendship in childhood through to adulthood.' Friendship in Cultural and Personality Psychology: International Perspectives. pp. 267-284.
Fox, C. (2019) 'School bullying.' Encyclopedia of child and adolescent development. Wiley,
James, L., Fox, C. (2019) 'Humor styles in younger children.' Research on Young Children’s Humor Theoretical and Practical Implications for Early Childhood Education. Springer,
Gadd, D., Corr, M.L., Fox, C., Butler, I. (2016) 'Like Father, Like Son? Young Men's Responses to Domestic Violence between Parents.' Response Based Approaches to the Study of Interpersonal Violence. pp. 19-35.
Gadd, D., Corr, M.L., Fox, C., Butler, I. (2016) 'Like father, like son? young men’s responses to domestic violence between parents.' Response Based Approaches to the Study of Interpersonal Violence. pp. 19-35.
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Journal articles
James, L., Fox, C. (2024) 'Humor styles in the classroom: students’ perceptions of lecturer humor.' Humor: international journal of humor research, 37(1) pp. 109-123.
Cromwell, H., Fox, C. (2023) 'School transition and SEND: Investigating parental accounts of their child’s primary to secondary school transition experience through the use of Mumsnet data.' Psychology of Education Review, 47(2) pp. 49-56.
Harrison, E.D., Fox, C., Hulme, J.A. (2022) 'Development of a measure for assessing victimisation at UK Universities.' Open Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 2(1) pp. 22-47.
Bagnall, C., Skipper, Y., Fox, C. (2022) 'Primary-secondary school transition under Covid-19: exploring the perceptions and experiences of children, parents/guardians, and teachers.' British Journal of Educational Psychology, 92(3) pp. 1011-1033.
Hoicka, E., Soy Telli, B., Prouten, E., Leckie, G., Browne, W.J., Mireault, G., Fox, C. (2021) 'The Early Humor Survey (EHS): a reliable parent-report measure of humor development for 1- to 47-month-olds.' Behavior Research Methods, 54(4) pp. 1928-1953.
Skipper, Y., Fox, C. (2021) 'Boys will be boys: young people’s perceptions and experiences of gender within education.' Pastoral Care in Education, 40(4) pp. 391-409.
James, L., Fox, C. (2021) 'Children’s perceptions of others’ humor : does context matter?.' Humor: international journal of humor research, 34(3) pp. 463-482.
Bagnall, C.L., Fox, C.L., Skipper, Y., Oldfield, J. (2021) 'Evaluating a universal emotional-centred intervention to improve children's emotional well-being over primary-secondary school transition.' Advances in Educational Research and Evaluatio., 2(1) pp. 113-126.
Harrison, E., Hulme, J., Fox, C. (2021) 'A Thematic Analysis of Students’ perceptions and experiences of bullying in Higher Education.' Europe's Journal of Psychology, 18(1) pp. 53-69.
Bagnall, C.L., Fox, C.L., Skipper, Y. (2021) 'What emotional-centred challenges do children attending special schools face over primary–secondary school transition?.' The Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 21(2) pp. 156-167.
Bagnall, C.L., Fox, C.L., Skipper, Y. (2021) 'When is the ‘optimal’ time for school transition? An insight into provision in the US.' Pastoral Care in Education, 39(4) pp. 348-376.
Harrison, E., Fox, C., Hulme, J. (2020) 'Student Anti-Bullying and Harassment Policies at UK Universities.' Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 42(5) pp. 547-562.
McElwee, J., Fox, C. (2020) 'Young people’s perceptions of the ‘Love Hurts’ programme: Is theatre an effective means of addressing teenage relationship abuse?.' British Educational Research Journal, 46(5)
Bagnall, C.L., Skipper, Y., Fox, C.L. (2019) '’You’re in this world now’: Students’, teachers’, and parents’ experiences of school transition and how they feel it can be improved.' British Journal of Educational Psychology, 90(1) pp. 206-226.
James, L.A., Fox, C.L. (2018) 'Longitudinal associations between younger children’s humour styles and psychosocial adjustment..' British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 36pp. 589-605.
Hale, R., Fox, C.L., Murray, M.P. (2017) '“As a Parent You Become a Tiger”: Parents Talking about Bullying at School.' Journal of Child and Family Studies, 26(7) pp. 2000-2015.
James, L., Fox, C. (2016) 'The development of a humor styles questionnaire for younger children.' Humor: international journal of humor research, 29
James, L.A., Fox, C.L. (2016) 'Children’s Understanding of Self-Focused Humor Styles..' Europe's Journal of Psychology, 12pp. 420-433.
Fox, C.L., Hunter, S.C., Jones, S.E. (2016) 'Longitudinal Associations Between Humor Styles and Psychosocial Adjustment in Adolescence..' Europe's Journal of Psychology, 12pp. 377-389.
Fox, C.L., Corr, M.L., Gadd, D., Sim, J. (2016) 'Evaluating the effectiveness of domestic abuse prevention education: Are certain children more or less receptive to the messages conveyed?.' LEGAL AND CRIMINOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY, 21pp. 212-227.
Hunter, S.C., Fox, C.L., Jones, S.E. (2016) 'Humor style similarity and difference in friendship dyads..' J Adolesc, 46pp. 30-37.
Fox, C.L., Hunter, S.C., Jones, S.E. (2016) 'Children’s humor types and psychosocial adjustment.' PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES, 89pp. 86-91.
Fox, C.L., Gadd, D., Sim, J. (2015) 'Development of the Attitudes to Domestic Violence Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents..' J Interpers Violence, 30pp. 2506-2525.
Fox, C.L., Hunter, S.C., Jones, S.E. (2015) 'The Relationship Between Peer Victimization and Children’s Humor Styles: It’s No Laughing Matter!.' SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, 24pp. 443-461.
Fox, C.L., Jones, S.E., Stiff, C.E., Sayers, J. (2014) 'Does the gender of the bully/victim dyad and the type of bullying influence children’s responses to a bullying incident?.' Aggress Behav, 40pp. 359-368.
Fox, C.L., Corr, M.L., Gadd, D., Butler, I. (2014) 'Young teenagers’ experiences of domestic abuse.' JOURNAL OF YOUTH STUDIES, 17pp. 510-526.
Gadd, D., Corr, M.L., Fox, C.L., Butler, I. (2014) 'This is Abuse... Or is it? Domestic abuse perpetrators’ responses to anti-domestic violence publicity.' CRIME MEDIA CULTURE, 10pp. 3-22.
Gadd, D., Fox, C.L., Hale, R. (2014) 'Preliminary steps towards a more preventative approach to eliminating violence against women in Europe.' EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CRIMINOLOGY, 11pp. 464-480.
Jones, S.E., Fox, C., Gilman, H., James, L., Karic, T., Wright-Bevans, K., Caines, V. (2013) ''I'm being called names and I'm being hit'. Challenges of longitudinal research on bullying amongst 11-13-year-olds.' Pastoral Care in Education, 31(4) pp. 321-336.
Fox, C.L., Hale, R., Gadd, D. (2013) 'Domestic abuse prevention education: listening to the views of young people.' Sex Education: sexuality, society and learning, 14(1) pp. 28-41.
Gadd, D., Fox, C., Hale, B. (2013) 'Young people and violence against women: David Gadd, Claire Fox and Becky Hale report on the REaDAPt project.' Criminal Justice Matters, 92(1) pp. 36-37.
Fox, C.L., Dean, S., Lyford, K. (2013) 'Development of a Humor Styles Questionnaire for children.' HUMOR-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMOR RESEARCH, 26pp. 295-319.
Farrow, C.V., Fox, C.L. (2011) 'Gender differences in the relationships between bullying at school and unhealthy eating and shape-related attitudes and behaviours..' Br J Educ Psychol, 81pp. 409-420.
Rotenberg, K.J., Addis, N., Betts, L.R., Corrigan, A., Fox, C., Hobson, Z., Rennison, S., Trueman, M., Boulton, M.J. (2010) 'The relation between trust beliefs and loneliness during early childhood, middle childhood, and adulthood.' Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 36(8) pp. 1086-1100.
Fox, C.L., Elder, T., Gater, J., Johnson, E. (2010) 'The association between adolescents’ beliefs in a just world and their attitudes to victims of bullying..' Br J Educ Psychol, 80pp. 183-198.
Fox, C.L., Farrow, C.V. (2009) 'Global and physical self-esteem and body dissatisfaction as mediators of the relationship between weight status and being a victim of bullying..' J Adolesc, 32pp. 1287-1301.
Fox, C.L., Butler, I. (2009) 'Evaluating the effectiveness of a school-based counselling service in the UK.' BRITISH JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE & COUNSELLING, 37pp. 95-106.
Fox, C.L., Butler, I. (2007) '’If you don’t want to tell anyone else you can tell her’: young people’s views on school counselling.' BRITISH JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE & COUNSELLING, 35pp. 97-114.
Fox, C., Edelstyn, N. (2006) 'CRB checks for students.' Psychologist, 19(8)
Fox, C.L., Boulton, M.J. (2006) 'Friendship as a moderator of the relationship between social skills problems and peer victimisation.' AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR, 32pp. 110-121.
Fox, C.L., Boulton, M.J. (2006) 'Longitudinal associations between submissive/nonassertive social behavior and different types of peer victimization..' Violence Vict, 21pp. 383-400.
Rotenberg, K.J., Boulton, M.J., Fox, C.L. (2005) 'Cross-sectional and longitudinal relations among children’s trust beliefs, psychological maladjustment and social relationships: are very high as well as very low trusting children at risk?.' J Abnorm Child Psychol, 33pp. 595-610.
Fox, C.L., Boulton, M.J. (2005) 'The social skills problems of victims of bullying: self, peer and teacher perceptions..' The British journal of educational psychology, 75pp. 313-328.
Rotenberg, K.J., Boulton, M.J., Fox, C.L. (2005) 'Construction and validation of a children’s interpersonal trust scale.' British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 23pp. 271-292.
Hartley, J., Rock, J., Fox, C.L. (2005) 'Teaching psychology students to write structured abstracts.' Psycholgy Teaching Review, 11pp. 2-11.
Edwards, A.E., Fox, C.L. (2005) 'Using Activity Theory to evaluate a complex response to social exclusion.' Educational and Child Psychology, 21pp. 51-61.
Hartley, J., Sotto, E., Fox, C. (2004) 'Clarity across the disciplines - An analysis of texts in the sciences, social sciences, and arts and humanities.' SCIENCE COMMUNICATION, 26pp. 188-210.
Hartley, J., Fox, C. (2004) 'Assessing the mock viva: the experiences of British doctoral students.' STUDIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION, 29pp. 727-738.
Rotenberg, K.J., McDougall, P., Boulton, M.J., Vallancourt, T., Fox, C.L., Hymel, S. (2004) 'Cross-sectional and longitudinal relations among peer reported trustworthiness, social relationships, and psychological adjustment in children and early adolescents from the United Kingdom and Canada.' Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 88pp. 46-67.
Fox, C.L., Boulton, M.J. (2003) 'Evaluating the effectiveness of a social skills training (SST) programme for victims of bullying.' EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH, 45pp. 231-247.
Gellatly, A.R.H., Cole, G., Fox, C., Johnson, M. (2003) 'Response inhibition can affect reaction time to abrupt onset displays.' Perception, 32pp. 1377-1391.
Hartley, J., Pennebaker, J.W., Fox, C. (2003) 'Using new technology to assess the academic writing styles of male and female pairs and individuals.' Journal of Technical Writing & Communication, 33pp. 243-261.
Hartley, J., Pennebaker, J.W., Fox, C. (2003) 'Abstracts, introductions and discussions: How far do they differ in style?.' SCIENTOMETRICS, 57pp. 389-398.
Fox, C.L., Boulton, M.J. (2003) 'A social skills training (SST) programme for victims of bullying.' Pastoral Care in Education, 21pp. 19-26.
O'Neill, S.A., Ivaldi, A., Fox, C. (2002) 'III. Gendered discourses in musically 'talented' adolescent females' construction of self.' Feminism and Psychology, 12(2) pp. 153-159.
O Neill, S.A., Ivaldi, A., Fox, C. (2002) 'Exploring the identity and subjectivity of ’talented’ adolescent girls.' Feminism and Psychology, 12pp. 153-159.
Hartley, J., Fox, C.L. (2002) 'The viva experience: Examining the examiners.' Higher Education Review, 35pp. 24-30.