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Tell me and I forget.
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Involve me and I learn.
In 2007 Simon joined the team at the Centre for Aviation, Transport and the environment at MMU in studying dispersion of pollution from commercial aircraft and contributed to the London PSDH assessment. In 2012 he obtained a permanent post within CATE and is now the principal researcher in the area of alternative fuels for aviation. His particular areas of expertise include aircraft fuels and emission characterisation, alternative & sustainable biofuels, the atmospheric impact of biofuels in aviation, Lidar, aviation sustainability, and local air quality at airports. He has previously worked with airports across the UK including Heathrow & Manchester, contributed to the EASA SAMPLE program for the development of the SAE non-volatile PM measurement system, and has worked closely with European colleagues in the ECATS Association network.
PI charged with coordinating the MMU contributions to the EU ITAKA project, the world’s largest aviation biofuels project to date, with tasks that further develop the understanding of sustainability and assess perturbations in the associated exhaust emissions.
MMU coordinator and contributing author: Understanding airport air quality and health effects. Funded by Airports Cooperative Research Program.
Member of the CAEP Alternative Fuels Task Force.
Chair of the ECATS International Association.
Member of European Aeronautics Science network (EASN).
Member of the TRB sub-committee on alternative fuels.
Member and MMU POC for North West Royal Meteorological Society.
Member of the UK Lidar Network
Natural Resources and Pollution (BSc)
Aviation and the Environment (MSc)
Sustainable Aviation (MSc)
PhD: 3 Completions, 2 in progress.
MSc: 2 Completion.
3rd year projects: 2 completions, 1 in progress.
Sustainable biofuels and alternative fuels in aviation.
The characterization of emissions from the combustion of alternative fuels.
The atmospheric impact of alternative fuels.
Local air quality: monitoring and health impact.Lidar and remote sensing.
Sheffield University, Mechanical Engineering / Low Carbon Combustion Centre
University of Manchester, Atmospheric and Earth Sciences
Missouri University of Science & Technology, Center of Excellence for Aerospace Particulate Emissions Reduction Research.
BY. Kim (2015). Understanding Airport Air Quality and Public Health Studies Related to Airports.
P. Lobo, PD. Whitefield, DE. Hagen, LJ. Rye, S. Blakey, et al. CW. Wilson, PI. Williams, SM. Christie, D. Raper, I. Uryga-Bugajska, M. Pourkashanian. (2011). SAE E31 Methodology Development and Associated PM Emissions Characteristics of Aircraft APUs burning Conventional and Alternative Aviation Fuels. The Partnership for AIR Transortation Noise and Emissions Reduction.
SM. Christie, P. Lobo, D. Lee, D. Raper (2017). Gas Turbine Engine Nonvolatile Particulate Matter Mass Emissions: Correlation with Smoke Number for Conventional and Alternative Fuel Blends. Environmental Science and Technology. 51(2), pp.988-996.
P. Lobo, S. Christie, B. Khandelwal, SG. Blakey, DW. Raper (2015). Evaluation of Non-volatile Particulate Matter Emission Characteristics of an Aircraft Auxiliary Power Unit with Varying Alternative Jet Fuel Blend Ratios. Energy & Fuels. 29(11), pp.7705-7711.
M. Bennett, S. Christie (2015). Observations of sea spray using a rapid-scanning Lidar. Weather. 70(10), pp.297-301.
M. Bennett, SM. Christie, A. Graham, KP. Garry, S. Velikov, et al. DI. Poll, MG. Smith, MI. Mead, OAM. Popoola, GB. Stewart, RL. Jones. (2013). Abatement of an aircraft exhaust plume using aerodynamic baffles. Environ Sci Technol. 47(5), pp.2346-2352.
PI. Williams, JD. Allan, P. Lobo, H. Coe, S. Christie, et al. C. Wilson, D. Hagen, P. Whitefield, D. Raper, L. Rye. (2012). Impact of alternative fuels on emissions characteristics of a gas turbine engine - part 2: volatile and semivolatile particulate matter emissions. Environ Sci Technol. 46(19), pp.10812-10819.
P. Lobo, L. Rye, PI. Williams, S. Christie, I. Uryga-Bugajska, et al. CW. Wilson, DE. Hagen, PD. Whitefield, S. Blakey, H. Coe, D. Raper, M. Pourkashanian. (2012). Impact of alternative fuels on emissions characteristics of a gas turbine engine - part 1: gaseous and particulate matter emissions. Environ Sci Technol. 46(19), pp.10805-10811.
S. Christie, D. Raper, DS. Lee, PI. Williams, L. Rye, et al. S. Blakey, CW. Wilson, P. Lobo, D. Hagen, PD. Whitefield. (2012). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emissions from the combustion of alternative fuels in a gas turbine engine. Environ Sci Technol. 46(11), pp.6393-6400.
L. Rye, P. Lobo, PI. Williams, I. Uryga-Bugajska, S. Christie, et al. C. Wilson, D. Hagen, P. Whitefield, S. Blakey, H. Coe, D. Raper, M. Pourkashanian. (2012). Inadequacy of optical smoke measurements for characterization of non-light absorbing particulate matter emissions from gas turbine engines. Combustion Science and Technology. 184(12), pp.2068-2083.
M. Bennett, SM. Christie, A. Graham, BS. Thomas, V. Vishnyakov, et al. K. Morris, DM. Peters, R. Jones, C. Ansell. (2011). Composition of smoke generated by landing aircraft. Environ Sci Technol. 45(8), pp.3533-3538.
M. Bennett, S. Christie (2011). An application of backscatter Lidar to model the odour nuisance arising from aircraft tyre smoke. International Journal of Environment and Pollution. 44(1-4), pp.316-323.
M. Bennett, S. Christie, A. Graham, D. Raper (2010). Lidar observations of aircraft exhaust plumes. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology. 27(10), pp.1638-1651.
A. Graham, M. Bennett, S. Christie (2008). Representing the dispersion of emissions from aircraft on runways. Hrvatski Meteoroloski Casopis. 43 PART 2, pp.563-568.
M. Bennett, S. Christie (2007). Application of a Doppler optical coherence technique to boundary layer sounding. Meteorologische Zeitschrift. 16(5), pp.469-477.
J. Vaughan, N. Hortin, S. Christie, F. Kvasnik, PJ. Scully (2005). The characterization of photographic materials as substrates for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF OPTICS A-PURE AND APPLIED OPTICS. 7(6), pp.S425-S431.
D. Kalamatianos, JM. Edmunds, PE. Wellstead, RJ. Houston, P. Liatsis, et al. SM. Christie, RJ. Dewhurst, MS. Thorniley. (2004). Dynamic alignment system for an FT-NIR michelson interferometer. 2004 IEEE Symposium on Virtual Environments, Human-Computer Interfaces and Measurement Systems, VECIMS. pp.120-124.
SM. Christie, D. Kalamatianos, R. Houston, J. Edmunds, P. Wellstead, et al. P. Liatsis, M. Thorniley, R. Dewhurst. (2004). A Portable FT-NIR Iinstrumentation for Life Science Measurements. J. Biomedical Optics. 35,
SM. Christie, D. Kalamatianos, R. Houston, J. Edmunds, P. Wellstead, et al. P. Liatsis, MS. Thorniley, R. Dewhurst. (2004). Characterization and Evaluation of Portable FT-NIR Iinstrumentation for Life Science Measurements. pp.35-42.
E. Scorsone, S. Christie, KC. Persaud, F. Kvasnik (2004). Evanescent sensing of alkaline and acidic vapours using a plastic clad silica fibre doped with poly(o-methoxyaniline). SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL. 97(2-3), pp.174-181.
D. Kalamatianos, JM. Edmunds, PE. Wellstead, RJ. Houston, SM. Christie, et al. MS. Thorniley, RJ. Dewhurst. (2003). An Algorithm Development Environment for an On-line FT-NIR Spectrometer. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. 5201, pp.138-145.
S. Christie, E. Scorsone, K. Persaud, F. Kvasnik (2003). Remote detection of gaseous ammonia using the near infrared transmission properties of polyaniline. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL. 90(1-3), pp.163-169.
E. Scorsone, S. Christie, KC. Persaud, P. Simon, F. Kvasnik (2003). Fibre-optic evanescent sensing of gaseous ammonia with two forms of a new near-infrared dye in comparison to phenol red. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL. 90(1-3), pp.37-45.
SM. Christie, H. Haramis, JA. Miyan, MS. Thorniley (2003). Novel Imaging system for NADH monitoring in hydrocephalus. Acta Neurochimica. 144,
E. Scorsone, S. Christie, K. Persaud, P. Simon, F. Kvasnik (2003). Fibre optic evanescent sensing of gaseous ammonia with a near infrared dye for leak detection. OPTICS FOR THE QUALITY OF LIFE, PTS 1 AND 2. 4829, pp.978-979.
S. Christie, F. Kvasnik (1997). Correlation and image recognition with surface-scattered light. Appl Opt. 36(14), pp.3013-3021.
SM. Christie, F. Kvasnik (1996). Contrast enhancement of underwater images with coherent optical image processors. Appl Opt. 35(5), pp.817-825.
S. CHRISTIE, SL. HILL, B. BURY, JO. GRAY, KM. BOOTH (1995). DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A MULTI-DETECTING 2-DIMENSIONAL RANGING SENSOR. MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 6(9), pp.1301-1308.
S. Christie, MSI. Valera, F. Kvasnik (1989). Use of multiplexed holographic filters in coherent optical processors. IEE Conference Publication. pp.164-168.
S. Christie (2022). Assessing aviation emission impact on local air quality at airports: towards regulation. Lisbon, Portugal, 14/11/2022.
L. Ganeau, D. Delhaye, IK. Ortega, P. Blanchet, P. Lalande, et al. D. Hormigo, J. Sanchez-Valdepeñas, P. Moreno Gonzales, J. Javier Fernandez Orio, A. Crayford, E. Durand, J. Maroto, D. Sanz Riviera, S. Christie, D. Kilic, P. Williams, M. Johnson. AVIATOR Project – Methodology for on-wing measurement to characterize the evolution of the engine exhaust particle matter in the downstream plume. Athens, Greece, 4/9/2022.
S. Christie Estimating fuel-water dissolution in conventional and alternative fuels. In: https://easn.net/documents/1/. Athens, Greece, 3/9/2019.
V. Grewe, S. Blakey, S. Christie, K. Dahlmann, T. Gronstedt, et al. F. Linke, S. Matthes, J. Melkert, J. Middel, B. Ohlenforst, T. Panidis, A. Rao. How large is the ICAO’s “Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation” reducing the climate impact of aviation? – An ECATS perspective. In: https://easn.net/documents/1/. Athens, Greece, 3/9/2019.
SM. Christie, P. Lobo, DW. Raper The impact of HEFA fuel blend ratio on gaseous emissions, smoke number and nvPM emissions. In: https://easn.net/documents/1/. Porto, Portugal, 18/10/2016.
SM. Christie, P. Lobo, D. Raper The impact of HEFA fuel blend ratio on gaseous emissions and smoke number in a small gas turbine. In: http://www.itakamadrid2016.eu/workshop.html. Madid, Spain, 12/9/2016.
SM. Christie Reports from Environmental Networks. La Rochelle, France., 22/9/2015.
SM. Christie Future of Alternative Fuels. La Rochelle, France., 22/9/2015.
P. Lobo,, SM. Christie, B. Kandelwal,, S. Blakey,, D. Hagen,, et al. P. Whitefield,, D. Raper. Impact of alternative fuel blend ratios on the Non-volatile PM Emissions of an Aircraft Auxiliary Power Unit. Milan, Italy., 6/9/2015.
SM. Christie, S. Blakey,, P. Le Clercq,, S. Matthes,, H. Schlager,, et al. DS. Lee, D. Raper, P. Wiesen,, N. Zarzalis,, T. Panidis,, P. Brok,. Research strategies for developing alternative fuels in aviation. Bad Kohlgrub, Germany., 22/6/2015.
J. Barrett, SM. Christie, D. McKendry,, S. Jurcoane,, A. Moraru, Degraded and Contaminated Land: Remediation and Use. In: http://agricultureforlife.usamv.ro/index.php/en/. Bucharest, Romania., 5/6/2014.
SM. Christie The ITAKA Project. In: http://www.sustainableaviation.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/05-Simon-Christie-MMU_Christie_SusAviation.pdf. London Heathrow, UK, 6/12/2013.
SM. Christie, D. Raper, DS. Lee The atmospheric impacts of alternative fuels in aviation. Prague, 31/10/2012.
SM. Christie, D. Raper Atmospheric impact of alternative fuels in aviation. Valencia, Spain., 22/11/2011.
A. Petzold, A. Ibrahim, T. Dobovicnik, G. Mocnik, R. Hitzenberger, et al. V. Vishnyakov, P. Dobrosz, SM. Christie, D. Raper, D. Lottin, D. Delhaye, R. Marsh, Y. Sevcenco, A. Crayford, M. Johnson. Closure study on optical microphysical and chemical properties of combustion aerosols from a gas turbine combustor and from a diffusion flame. Vienna, 26/6/2011.
PI. Williams, SM. Christie, P. Lobo, DE. Hagen, PD. Whitefield, et al. CW. Wilson, H. Coe, D. Raper. Organic aerosol speciation of different fuels from an APU. Helsink, 29/8/2010.
SM. Christie, M. Bennett Lidar observations of ship plumes in the English Channel. Zürich, Switzerland., 18/5/2010.
SM. Christie, K. Schafer, S. Emeis, C. Jahn, M. Hoffmann, et al. C. Heyder, F. Hass, C. Helmis, G. Scouros, R. Kurtenbach, A. Niedojadlo, P. Wiesen, B. Bennett, A. Graham, E. Anamaterou, M. O'Conner. Airport air quality data bank for modelling studies. oulouse, France., 3/6/2009.
A. Graham, M. Bennett, SM. Christie Representing the dispersion of emissions from aircraft on runways. Cavtat, Croatia., 6/10/2008.
SM. Christie, M. Bennett An application of backscatter Lidar to model the odour nuisance arising from aircraft tyre smoke. Cambridge, UK., 2/7/2007.
SM. Christie, M. Bennett Doppler Lidar measurements using a fibre optic system. Risø, Roskilde, Denmark., 1/1/2007.
S. Christie, M. Bennett, A. Graham, D. Raper Lidar Monitoring of Aircraft Emissions for Environmental Air Quality. Photon 06, Manchester, UK. Sept 2006., 4/9/2006.
SM. Christie, M. Bennett Optical Measurements of Pollution Dispersion at Commercial Airports. Manchester, UK, 4/9/2006.
SM. Christie, M. Bennett Doppler Lidar Measurements Using a Fibre Optic System. Garmish, Austria., 3/7/2006.
SM. Christie, J. Vaughan, F. Kvasnik, P. Scully Practical Substrates for Surface Enhanced Raman and Surface Enhanced Resonance Raman Spectroscopy. Glasgow, UK., 6/9/2004.
SM. Christie, Z. Bahir, J. Miller, J. Miyan, MS. Thorniley Impaired Oxygen Utilisation in Hydrocephalus: a non-invasive Study. Dublin, Ireland., 2004.
SM. Christie, D. Kalamatianos, J. Edmunds, P. Wellstead, MS. Thorniley, et al. R. Dewhurst. Development Environments for an On-line FT-NIR Spectrometer. San Diego, USA., 2003.
SM. Christie, D. Allen, MS. Thorniley, P. Wellstead, R. Dewhurst Development and Evaluation of FT-NIR Instrumentation for Clinical Applications. Cardiff, UK., 2002.
SM. Christie, E. Huot, H. Haramis, MS. Thorniley NADH fluorescence imaging: Signal correction. Manchester, UK., 2002.
SM. Christie, E. Scorsone, K. Persaud, F. Kvasnik The Characterisation of Conducting Polymers for the Remote Measurement of Gaseous Ammonia. Manchester, UK., 2002.
SM. Christie, E. Scorsone, K. Persaud, P. Simon, F. Kvasnik Optical Sensing of Gaseous Ammonia with New Reagents. Manchester, UK., 2002.
SM. Christie, H. Haramis, M. Thorniley The effect of sodium pentobarbitone administration on liver metabolism: An assessment using in vivo fluorescence imaging. Manchester, UK., 2002.
SM. Christie, H. Haramis, T. Fothergill, MS. Thorniley NADH fluorescence imaging. Nijmegan, Netherlands, 2000.
XY. Cai, S. Christie, F. Kvasnik (1991). Micro-pattern recognition using a microscope coherent optical processor (M-COP). In: IEE Conference Publication. pp.226-230.
S. Christie, XY. Cai, F. Kvasnik (1991). Interference effects and the occurrence of blind spots in coherent optical processors. In: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. pp.202-209.
A. Crayford, M. Johnson, R. Marsh, Y. Sevcenco, D. Walters, et al. P. Williams, SM. Christie, W. Chung, A. Petzold, A. Ibrahim, D. Delhaye, P. Quincey, P. Bowen, H. Coe, D. Raper, CW. Wilson. (2011). SAMPLE III: Contribution to aircraft engine PM certification requirement and standard. , EASA. Specific Contract No: SC01..
. Petzold, . Ibrahim, . Mocnik, . Hitzenberger, . Christie, et al. . Vishnyakov, . Dobrosz, . Raper, . Lottin, . Delhaye, . Sevenco, . Crayford, . Johnson. (2011). Closure study on optical microphysical and chemical properties of combustion aerosols from a gas turbine combustor and from a diffusion flame. , ICCPA.
SM. Christie, D. Raper (2011). In-service non-certification engine testing: Feasibility study’ SAMPLE III. Task 3C. , EASA.
A. Crayford, M. Johnson, R. Marsh, Y. Sevcenco, D. Walters, et al. P. Williams, S. Christie, A. Petzold, S. Chung, A. Ibrahim, D. Delhaye, P. Quincey, P. Bowen, H. Coe, D. Raper, C. Wilson. (2011). Studying, sampling and measuring of aircraft particulate Emission III. Final Report. , EASA.
R. Marsh, A. Crayford, A. Petzold, M. Johnson, P. Williams, et al. A. Ibrahim, P. Kay, S. Morris, D. Delhaye, D. Lottin, X. Vancassel, D. Raper, SM. Christie, M. Bennett, M. Miller, Y. Svencenco, C. Rojo, P. Bowen. (2010). Studying, sampling and measurement of aircraft particulate emissions II (SAMPLE II). , EASA.
SM. Christie, S. Blakey, CW. Wilson, T. Spalton, W. Chung, et al. D. Raper, H. Li. (2010). SWAFEA Technical Report: Task 3300 APU engine tests. , European Commission.
A. Graham, D. Raper, SM. Christie, M. Bennett (2006). Air quality at Heathrow airport: impact of emissions from aircraft in ground run and flight: Second Tech Report. , DfT.
A. Graham, D. Raper, SM. Christie, M. Bennett (2005). Air quality at Heathrow airport: impact of emissions from aircraft in ground run and flight: First Tech Report. www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/aviation/environmentalissues/secheatrowsustain/annexes111: DfT
Reports from Environmental Networks. Aircraft Noise and Emission reduction Symposium (ANERS). La Rochelle, France. 22-25th September 2015.
Future of Alternative Fuels. Aircraft Noise and Emission reduction Symposium (ANERS). La Rochelle, France. 22-25th September 2015.
Current:
Member of scientific committee & organising committee for ECATS conference, Athens 2016.
Member of scientific committee for Supergen conference, Manchester, 2017.
Regular reviewer for Environmental Science & Technology, as well as Atmospheric environment amongst other journals.
Current grants:
ITAKA Project. www.itaka-project.eu/
PI charged with coordinating the MMU contributions to the EU ITAKA project, the world’s largest aviation biofuels project to date, with tasks that further develop the understanding of sustainability and assess perturbations in the associated exhaust emissions.
MMU coordinator and contributing author: Understanding airport air quality and health effects. Funded by Airports Cooperative Research Program.
Contributor to EU ForumAE project.
Contributor to the CATE DfT contract in relation to aviation biofuels, Particulate Matter emissions and the SAE non-volatile Particulate Matter standard.
Current chair of the ECATS International Association.
Operation of MMU Lidar for atmospheric aerosol measurement, as well as various items of air quality monitoring equipement including PM counters & collectors, ion counters, data loggers, anemometers and meteorological equipment.
SENASA (Spain),
Airbus (UK & France),
Rolls Royce (UK),
Shell (UK),
SkyNRG (Netherlands),
Biotehgen (Romania),
Embraer (Brazil),
Member of ICAO CAEP Alternative Fuels Task Force
EU Horizon 2020 expert reviewer
Member of the CAEP Alternative Fuels Task Force
Chair of the ECATS International Association.
Member of European Aeronautics Science network (EASN).
Member of the TRB sub-committee on alternative fuels
Member of the North West Royal Meteorological Society.